What is the value of sin(pi+i pi/2) ?

The value of sin(pi+i pi/2) is i(1-e^pi)/(2e^{pi/2)}

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sin(pi+i pi/2)

Solution

sin (π + i \frac{π}{2})

Solution

i \frac{1 - e ^{π}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Solution steps

sin (π + i \frac{π}{2})

Rewrite using trig identities:

sin (π) cosh (\frac{π}{2}) + i cos (π) sinh (\frac{π}{2})

sin (π + i \frac{π}{2})

Use the following identity:

sin (a + bi) = sin (a) cosh (b) + i cos (a) sinh (b)

= sin (π) cosh (\frac{π}{2}) + i cos (π) sinh (\frac{π}{2})

= sin (π) cosh (\frac{π}{2}) + i cos (π) sinh (\frac{π}{2})

Use the following trivial identity:

sin (π) = 0

sin (π)

sin (x)

periodicity table with

2 πn

cycle:

x 0 \frac{π}{6} \frac{π}{4} \frac{π}{3} \frac{π}{2} \frac{2 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{4} \frac{5 π}{6} sin (x) 0 \frac{1}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{3}{2} 1 \frac{3}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{1}{2} x π \frac{7 π}{6} \frac{5 π}{4} \frac{4 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{2} \frac{5 π}{3} \frac{7 π}{4} \frac{11 π}{6} sin (x) 0 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{3}{2} - 1 - \frac{3}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{1}{2}

= 0

Rewrite using trig identities:

cosh (\frac{π}{2}) = \frac{e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

cosh (\frac{π}{2})

Use the Hyperbolic identity:

cosh (x) = \frac{e ^{x} + e ^{- x}}{2}

= \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} + e ^{- \frac{π}{2}}}{2}

\frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} + e ^{- \frac{π}{2}}}{2} = \frac{e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

\frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} + e ^{- \frac{π}{2}}}{2}

Apply exponent rule:

a^{- b} = \frac{1}{a ^{b}}

= \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} + \frac{1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}}{2}

Join

e^{\frac{π}{2}} + \frac{1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} : \frac{e ^{π} + 1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

e^{\frac{π}{2}} + \frac{1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Convert element to fraction:

e^{\frac{π}{2}} = \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

= \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} + \frac{1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Since the denominators are equal, combine the fractions:

\frac{a}{c} \pm \frac{b}{c} = \frac{a \pm b}{c}

= \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} e ^{\frac{π}{2}} + 1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

e^{\frac{π}{2}} e^{\frac{π}{2}} + 1 = e^{2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}} + 1

e^{\frac{π}{2}} e^{\frac{π}{2}} + 1

e^{\frac{π}{2}} e^{\frac{π}{2}} = e^{2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}}

e^{\frac{π}{2}} e^{\frac{π}{2}}

Apply exponent rule:

a^{b} \cdot a^{c} = a^{b + c}

e^{\frac{π}{2}} e^{\frac{π}{2}} = e^{\frac{π}{2} + \frac{π}{2}}

= e^{\frac{π}{2} + \frac{π}{2}}

Add similar elements:

\frac{π}{2} + \frac{π}{2} = 2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}

= e^{2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}}

= e^{2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}} + 1

= \frac{e ^{2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}} + 1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Multiply

2 \cdot \frac{π}{2} : π

2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}

Multiply fractions:

a \cdot \frac{b}{c} = \frac{a \cdot b}{c}

= \frac{π 2}{2}

Cancel the common factor:

2

= π

= \frac{e ^{π} + 1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

= \frac{\frac{e ^{π} + 1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}}{2}

Apply the fraction rule:

\frac{\frac{b}{c}}{a} = \frac{b}{c \cdot a}

= \frac{e ^{π} + 1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} \cdot 2}

= \frac{e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Use the following trivial identity:

cos (π) = (- 1)

cos (π)

cos (x)

periodicity table with

2 πn

cycle:

x 0 \frac{π}{6} \frac{π}{4} \frac{π}{3} \frac{π}{2} \frac{2 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{4} \frac{5 π}{6} cos (x) 1 \frac{3}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{1}{2} 0 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{3}{2} x π \frac{7 π}{6} \frac{5 π}{4} \frac{4 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{2} \frac{5 π}{3} \frac{7 π}{4} \frac{11 π}{6} cos (x) - 1 - \frac{3}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{1}{2} 0 \frac{1}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{3}{2}

= (- 1)

Rewrite using trig identities:

sinh (\frac{π}{2}) = \frac{e ^{π} - 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

sinh (\frac{π}{2})

Use the Hyperbolic identity:

sinh (x) = \frac{e ^{x} - e ^{- x}}{2}

= \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} - e ^{- \frac{π}{2}}}{2}

\frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} - e ^{- \frac{π}{2}}}{2} = \frac{e ^{π} - 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

\frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} - e ^{- \frac{π}{2}}}{2}

Apply exponent rule:

a^{- b} = \frac{1}{a ^{b}}

= \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} - \frac{1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}}{2}

Join

e^{\frac{π}{2}} - \frac{1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} : \frac{e ^{π} - 1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

e^{\frac{π}{2}} - \frac{1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Convert element to fraction:

e^{\frac{π}{2}} = \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

= \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} - \frac{1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Since the denominators are equal, combine the fractions:

\frac{a}{c} \pm \frac{b}{c} = \frac{a \pm b}{c}

= \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} e ^{\frac{π}{2}} - 1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

e^{\frac{π}{2}} e^{\frac{π}{2}} - 1 = e^{2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}} - 1

e^{\frac{π}{2}} e^{\frac{π}{2}} - 1

e^{\frac{π}{2}} e^{\frac{π}{2}} = e^{2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}}

e^{\frac{π}{2}} e^{\frac{π}{2}}

Apply exponent rule:

a^{b} \cdot a^{c} = a^{b + c}

e^{\frac{π}{2}} e^{\frac{π}{2}} = e^{\frac{π}{2} + \frac{π}{2}}

= e^{\frac{π}{2} + \frac{π}{2}}

Add similar elements:

\frac{π}{2} + \frac{π}{2} = 2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}

= e^{2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}}

= e^{2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}} - 1

= \frac{e ^{2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}} - 1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Multiply

2 \cdot \frac{π}{2} : π

2 \cdot \frac{π}{2}

Multiply fractions:

a \cdot \frac{b}{c} = \frac{a \cdot b}{c}

= \frac{π 2}{2}

Cancel the common factor:

2

= π

= \frac{e ^{π} - 1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

= \frac{\frac{e ^{π} - 1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}}{2}

Apply the fraction rule:

\frac{\frac{b}{c}}{a} = \frac{b}{c \cdot a}

= \frac{e ^{π} - 1}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} \cdot 2}

= \frac{e ^{π} - 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

= 0 \cdot \frac{e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} + i (- 1) \frac{e ^{π} - 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Simplify

0 \cdot \frac{e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} + i (- 1) \frac{e ^{π} - 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} : i \frac{1 - e ^{π}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

0 \cdot \frac{e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} + i (- 1) \frac{e ^{π} - 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Remove parentheses:

(- a) = - a

= 0 \cdot \frac{e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} - i 1 \cdot \frac{e ^{π} - 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

0 \cdot \frac{e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} = 0

0 \cdot \frac{e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Apply rule

0 \cdot a = 0

= 0

i 1 \cdot \frac{e ^{π} - 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} = \frac{i ( e ^{π} - 1 )}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

i 1 \cdot \frac{e ^{π} - 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Multiply fractions:

a \cdot \frac{b}{c} = \frac{a \cdot b}{c}

= 1 \cdot \frac{i ( e ^{π} - 1 )}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Multiply:

1 \cdot \frac{( e ^{π} - 1 ) i}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} = \frac{( e ^{π} - 1 ) i}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

= \frac{i ( e ^{π} - 1 )}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

= 0 - \frac{i ( e ^{π} - 1 )}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

0 - \frac{( e ^{π} - 1 ) i}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} = - \frac{( e ^{π} - 1 ) i}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

= - \frac{i ( e ^{π} - 1 )}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Rewrite

- \frac{i ( e ^{π} - 1 )}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

in standard complex form:

\frac{- e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} i

- \frac{i ( e ^{π} - 1 )}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Expand

i (e^{π} - 1) : i e^{π} - i

i (e^{π} - 1)

Apply the distributive law:

a (b - c) = ab - a c

a = i, b = e^{π}, c = 1

= i e^{π} - i 1

= i e^{π} - 1 i

Multiply:

1 i = i

= i e^{π} - i

= - \frac{i e ^{π} - i}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Apply the fraction rule:

\frac{a \pm b}{c} = \frac{a}{c} \pm \frac{b}{c}

\frac{i e ^{π} - i}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} = - (\frac{i e ^{π}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}) - (- \frac{i}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}})

= - (\frac{i e ^{π}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}) - (- \frac{i}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}})

Remove parentheses:

(a) = a, - (- a) = a

= - \frac{i e ^{π}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} + \frac{i}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Cancel

\frac{i e ^{π}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} : \frac{i e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{2}

\frac{i e ^{π}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Cancel

\frac{i e ^{π}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} : \frac{i e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{2}

\frac{i e ^{π}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Apply exponent rule:

\frac{x ^{a}}{x ^{b}} = x^{a - b}

\frac{e ^{π}}{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} = e^{π - \frac{π}{2}}

= \frac{i e ^{π - \frac{π}{2}}}{2}

Subtract the numbers:

π - \frac{π}{2} = \frac{π}{2}

= \frac{i e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{2}

= \frac{i e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{2}

= - \frac{i e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{2} + \frac{i}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Group the real part and the imaginary part of the complex number

= (- \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{2} + \frac{1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}) i

- \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{2} + \frac{1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} = \frac{- e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

- \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{2} + \frac{1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Least Common Multiplier of

2, 2 e^{\frac{π}{2}} : 2 e^{\frac{π}{2}}

2, 2 e^{\frac{π}{2}}

Lowest Common Multiplier (LCM)

Least Common Multiplier of

2, 2 : 2

2, 2

Least Common Multiplier (LCM)

Prime factorization of

2 : 2

2

2

is a prime number, therefore no factorization is possible

= 2

Prime factorization of

2 : 2

2

2

is a prime number, therefore no factorization is possible

= 2

Multiply each factor the greatest number of times it occurs in either

2

2

= 2

Multiply the numbers:

2 = 2

= 2

Compute an expression comprised of factors that appear either in

2

2 e^{\frac{π}{2}}

= 2 e^{\frac{π}{2}}

Adjust Fractions based on the LCM

Multiply each numerator by the same amount needed to multiply its

corresponding denominator to turn it into the LCM

2 e^{\frac{π}{2}}

For

\frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{2} :

multiply the denominator and numerator by

e^{\frac{π}{2}}

\frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{2} = \frac{e ^{\frac{π}{2}} e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} = \frac{e ^{π}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

= - \frac{e ^{π}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

Since the denominators are equal, combine the fractions:

\frac{a}{c} \pm \frac{b}{c} = \frac{a \pm b}{c}

= \frac{- e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

= \frac{- e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} i

= \frac{- e ^{π} + 1}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}} i

= i \frac{1 - e ^{π}}{2 e ^{\frac{π}{2}}}

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the value of sin(pi+i pi/2) ?
The value of sin(pi+i pi/2) is i(1-e^pi)/(2e^{pi/2)}